Consequences of Unethical Behavior Essay

I had not heard of this until now, actually. Google paid their way out of CEO prosecution last year. Not only was their behavior unethical, and illegal, it was very socially irresponsible to the American people. Google was taking part in advertising narcotics and other prescription drugs for an illegal Canadian pharmacy on the American internet; making all of these drugs readily available to the American people. David Whitaker, a federal inmate and convicted con-artist became posed as an American government agent who went undercover to prove Google knew exactly what was going on. Google advertisement executives accepted the $200,000 worth of the government’s â€Å"set-up† money to begin advertising. Whitaker collected emails and recorded calls to prove that Google knew what they were doing were illegal. Even though it was obvious through the evidence to see that Google representatives knew that the advertisements were illegal, they extended Whitaker a â€Å"very generous credit line and allowed me to set my target advertising directly to American consumers. On August 24th, 2011, Google paid $500M dollars to pay their fines and avoid prosecution of their C. E. O. Larry Page. Through the emails and recordings, it is made obvious that Page knew exactly what was going on. Google was allowing illegal Canadian pharmacies to platform their ads on Google and target the American population. Google allowing American consumers to be targeted is absolutely outrageous. Google’s $500M fine covers the advertising costs and profits of the companies. The Department of Justice also has a â€Å"non-prosecution† agreement with Google. Now, what exactly is a â€Å"non-prosecution† agreement? To me, this all sounds like something illegal all the way around. How can a company, any company, buy their way out of prosecution? How can a C. E. O. not be classified as a drug peddler who well knows of what is going on within his company? How does this make him any different that Bernie Madoff or the Goldman Sachs C. E. O.? Google was allowing drugs to be sold through their network, period point blank; with the citizens of America being the target. How can a company buy their way out of prosecution? I just do not understand. If I was caught selling drugs, or giving people a platform to sell, I would be prosecuted to the fullest extent. Would I be able to buy my way out of prosecution? I absolutely would not! The American government would lock me away and take their sweet time about taking me to trial and finishing my case. Why was this not made more public? Now, it seems, Google is being looked into from every aspect, in which they should.

Assessment for Learning: the Roles of Teachers Essay

1.1: Compare and contrast the roles of the teacher and the learning support practitioner in assessment of learner’s achievements. The roles of Teachers and learning support practitioners are similar in that they are both continuingly monitoring the progress and achievements of the learner. Teachers need to be aware of every child’s progress within their setting. Gathering evidence and developing a full picture of each child is important, in order to understand their individual needs and supply accurate feedback to other teachers, support staff, parents and the senior leadership team. Teachers are required to plan lessons and set learning objectives for their classes. This is usually discussed with support staff, so they are able to help implement the lesson and effectively support the children’s learning. Support assistants can also be involved with the planning process, as their feedback should influence what is included in the lesson, and how future lessons nee ds to move forward. Both Teachers and Support Assistants should be observing children throughout the lesson. Support staffs are in a unique position, as they are able to observe the class whilst the Teacher leads the session. Through observations, teachers and support staff can identify children who are in need of additional support; it also gives a clear picture of class attainment as a whole. By doing this, targets can be set for individual children and different ability groups, helping them progress with their learning. The overall achievement of a class is a collaborative effort between the teacher and the learning support practitioners. The responsibility of assessment falls to anyone working with the child, and is an on-going process that should never stop happening in the learning environment. 1.2: Summarise the difference between formative and summative assessments. Teachers and Support staff use many different methods when assessing learners. These may include: observations, written records, verbal discussions, checklists and tick charts. Assessments can either be formative or summative. Formative assessments – On-going series of processes that are not conclusive. They are used to gather evidence, and help build a more complete picture of the child, for example: A child’s behaviour may be monitored over a period of time, in order to assess how best to cater for their needs. This will influence future planning and support interventions, as well as help to give a more complete picture of their behavioural patterns. Summative assessments – Used to draw conclusions and bring evidence together. They will consolidate all observations and previous assessments to come to an overall conclusion. Planning can then be set for the next steps, for example: A child who has had his behaviour observed over a period of time, in various different settings, may have an IEP put in place in light of the evidence gathered. Formative assessments are needed in order to make a summative assessment, as they are what contribute to the findings and overall conclusions. 1.3: Explain the characteristics of assessment for learning. Assessment for learning is a key tool for both Teachers and Support staff. It ensures that the learning goals for each lesson are clearly identified and are understood by the learner. This can be achieved by using the WALT and WILF principle: WALT, meaning; We Are Learning Today and WILF, meaning; What I’m Looking For. These objectives should be established at the beginning of each lesson, in order for the learner to understand the lesson criteria and expectations. Assessment for learning also aims for each child to have knowledge of the level they are working at, and what their targets are. This promotes independent learning, as the child understands what they are aiming to achieve and the goals they need to reach. Self-assessment and peer assessment is a key characteristic in assessment for learning. It aims to make children autonomous learners, and be able to recognise how to improve their work. Peer assessment allows children to give constructive advice to their peers, in order for them to progress their skills and learn from one another. Giving feedback to learners, so that they know which steps they need to take next, is crucial. Constructive feedback, along with effective planning, will focus the learners’ attention to the areas they need to improve on. It’s important that each learner believes they have the power to improve, and are confident enough in their ability to do so. 1.4: Explain the importance and benefits of assessment for learning. Assessment for learning is an important teaching tool as it clarifies whether or not the learning objectives, delivered through teaching, are being met. It can determine the educational needs of the children and affect decisions on: extra provisions or interventions, funding and a child’s marks. It helps develop a different culture towards learning and actively involves the child in that process. This is achieved through: helping the child understand the purpose of their learning, giving them the ability to recognise their own strengths and areas they need to improve on, motivating them to aspire to achieve through goals and targets, and giving them an opportunity to discuss with teachers and their peers about their learning. This is hugely beneficial as it encourages children to take ownership over their own learning. It also helps teaching staff identify the needs of the children and determine what approach to take next.

Analysis of Research Methods, Client Relationship, Personal Evaluation Essay

Analysis of Research Methods, Client Relationship, Personal Evaluation - Essay Example The paper tells that with the advancement of technology and emergence of the concept of consumerism to the surface, customers have become ever more dominant and powerful in the marketplace. Nowadays all the companies shed off myopic ideas and try to incorporate consumer’s will in the decision making process. This is particularly important because customer satisfaction is the ultimate objective that leads to profitability and endurance in organizations. To attain stability, organizations spend millions of dollars today on their Research and Development departments to get the best and most accurate knowledge regarding consumer behaviour and expectations. This knowledge and information is utilized by organizations in improving their processes to meet the demands and requirements of the customers and thus deliver a â€Å"wow experience† every time the customer interacts with the offering. In other words, this shall not be exaggeration to state that, research is one of the k ey pillars to success of an organization, in the contemporary market dimensions. Any idea or tactic backed up by research findings is more durable and dependable then something that is implemented out of the blue. Research does not only assist organizations in deciding which route to success shall be adopted, in fact contingency measures and sporadic adjustments to deviations and evaluation of the implementation are some of the broad areas that are addressed at length by researches. (Thornton, 2010). Throughout the length of this paper various research methods will be analyzed through various perspectives and efforts will be made to develop an understanding of using research methods and findings in the most efficient manner possible. Analysis of Research Methods The above diagram is a representation of a general research process. Though 5 major steps are shown in the diagram in a systematic manner, but in real life scenario one stage may precede the other depending upon the requirem ents of the researchers and the nature of the research itself. While conducting our research we followed the above systematic flow of processes for data collection, analysis and reporting of its findings (Collis and Hussey, 2003). Research can be defined as a systematic investigative study conducted to discover answers to questions or solutions to prevalent or future dilemmas. In the commercial scenario, findings of a research may serve to make it or break it for the sponsors of the research. Bearing in mind the model provided in the figure then we see that the process initiates with the discovery of a problem or unanswered question. This is the phase of the research process that occurs voluntarily (Kumar, 2010). Any department of the company shall encounter a problem at any stage and this is completely unavoidable and inevitable (Collis, 2003). The stage that entails the discovery of a problem shall come to the surface unexpectedly and demand a solution on an immediate basis and th ings could be the other way round too. Therefore this can be said that moving on from one stage to another in the research process may vary from situation to situation (Blaxter et al, 2006). The stage proceeding Discover Stage is known as â€Å"Retrieve Stage†. Retrieve stage is a significant phase that shall be carried out with great care and technically sound staff. There are various methods utilizing which this phase can be surpassed. At this stage we were required to determine the sources from which data can be retrieved and the subsequent methodology to be adopted. There are two broad options that were available to the group to get the data from, Primary Resources and Secondary Resources (McBurney, 2009). Secondary resources are considered to be the best sources of information in case the problem that has to be resolved has occurred before in some other department of the company or may be in any other part of the world. Secondary data provides a sound basis to the resear chers to construct a framework based on the

Case Study 6.1 Sparks of Aggression Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case Study 6.1 Sparks of Aggression - Essay Example It then recommends the necessary actions that the organization needs to take to curb the prevalence of the harmful aggressive behavior. First, there are individual factors that led to the development of the aggressive behavior. Some individuals have a predisposition to aggression. Workers have different variables in terms of attitudes towards revenge, self-control, and negative affectivity. Individuals who have indulged in aggressive acts are more likely to have a dominant aggressive behavior in the future. From the case study, Petro suspects that the student had been spreading some rumors about him. The presence of unconfirmed stories about Pedro depicts that his work history has not been smooth, and there are negative issues that may stimulate an aggressive behavior. Secondly, organizational factors also contribute to aggression in the workplace. Interactions may result in perceptions of frustrations and unfair treatment that stimulate the growth of aggressive behavior in the workplace. The case study captures Pedro saying that the student usually receives special treatment because of his connection with a high official of the credit union. Pedro seemed to have perceived some element of unfairness in the treatment of the student and other employees, and this angered him. Somehow, the top leadership of the organization is to blame for their role in escalating Pedro’s aggression. Additionally, there are specific interpersonal factors that can also lead to aggression in the workplace. They could be groups or individuals within the proximity of the victim that exerts a conforming impact. In the case study, the female employee who had declined Pedro’s advancement seemed to contribute to his emotional instability. The actions of the female employee together with the student seemed to hurt him significantly. That is why he thought that the two staff members made fun of him whenever they conversed. It is

Marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Marketing - Research Paper Example This plan deals with developing an online presence for Generation Y to create different marketing plans for the different brands within L’Oreal. Table of Contents Page No. 1. Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 2. Issue Problem †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 4 3. Analysis and Application †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 a. Australian Culture †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 b. Gender Role in Australia †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 9 c. Social Classes in Australia †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 d. Core Australian Values †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 e. Target Market †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 11 4. Application †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 13 5. Recommendations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 14 6. References †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 16 Introduction L’Oreal is one of the largest Cosmetics and Beauty Products Company and offers a big range of hair and beauty products with 23 global brands. With headquarters located in the world fashion capital of Paris, L’Oreal enjoys a strong global presence in more than a hundred countries (L’Oreal, 2011). L’Oreal has made a division withi n its product according to their target market that is consumer products, luxury products, professional products and active cosmetics. These product ranges cater to different kinds of consumers depending on their specific needs. Issue/Problem After analyzing the marketing campaigns of L’Oreal, a few issues have been identified that could be improved so as it increase brand loyalty within the Australian market for L’Oreal. At this time, L’Oreal is a multinational product that has to compete with other cosmetic and beauty products that includes both international products and national products. With a cosmetics company, brand loyalty can be quite advantageous as consumers prefer to buy products from the same company that they are satisfied. They do not wish to invest in new brands where they are not aware of the quality of the product. The reason is because all kinds of people are conscious about their skin and the impact of cosmetics on their skin. For this reaso n, brand loyalty is imperative for cosmetics and beauty products companies and this can be developed by effectively using consumer behavior theories to bring consumers to buy a particular product (Ergin, Ozdemir and Pariliti, 2005). But for this we need to analyze the marketing problems that are apparent in L’Oreal’s marketing campaign. When brand enter into new markets, they often face certain barriers when communicating with the new consumers. The core values of these consumers are often different from that of the previous consumers and sometimes even clash with each other. For this reason, local marketers are hired for the promotion of the brand keeping in view the new consumers (Boone and Kurtz, 2011). In the case of L’Oreal, marketers in all countries follow the international pattern of marketing. The products are advertised in almost the same manner in every country. This alienates the brand as an international brand. The consumers are more confident in in vesting in brands that appear friendly and act as their friend. L’Oreal has alienated itself through its marketing. The following example shows L’Oreal advertising in two different countries, namely Australia and Japan. Though one can differentiate through the language but consumers want to see faces they can identify with. L’Oreal advertising Japan L’Oreal advertising Australia Though L’Oreal is an internationally active brand, its presence in Australia leaves a lot to be demanded. As Generation Y is increasing its

The Role of a Military Officer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Role of a Military Officer - Essay Example The paper tells that although work in the military is perilous, stressful, demanding and a non-lucrative occupation, nevertheless, there is no better reward than to be regarded as someone of service to the community wherein we and our loved ones are living in. That objective alone establishes a sufficient motivation for me to go through this challenge. He is aware that being a Military Officer carries with it a great responsibility and requires utmost devotion and determination. It is his aspiration to gain knowledge and expertise in this field to be of efficient service. He believes that every man has his own destiny. And in his heart, this is what he is committed to pursue. As a Military Officer, he is expected to possess the necessary qualifications to fulfill this delicate function. Society must be assured that he has a keen understanding and appreciation of the true nature and significance of the military profession and have a thorough awareness of the social responsibilities it entails. It is important to be trained to be an effective leader in all aspects of army life and to be responsible for a team of soldiers and other personnel under my command. Aside from possessing high degrees of self-discipline and excellent physical and mental fitness, he is required of expertise, broad liberal education and technical knowledge to effectively apply military force in an orderly manner. Society expects that its Military Officers are committed, competent and capable of taking any mission whose objective is to protect and defend the country.

Strategic Accounting for Decision Making Case Study

Strategic Accounting for Decision Making - Case Study Example Furthermore, the decision by the Sentinel institute to explore the opportunities in small towns and sub-urban areas demoralized the spirit of the Fitness Forever. The Sentinel intended to launch its activities in Fitness Forever region in an aggressive manner, and further intended to ensure that the expansion phase is implemented soon after the official opening of their first branch in the region. Sentinel has relative stable edge over Fitness Forever, the former is renowned 'for its strong sales culture', which has motivated the consumers towards the Sentinel. The Sentinel on its behalf has been successful in the exploration and the efficient utilization of the available opportunities. The management of the Fitness Forever organization was of the opinion that 'the Fitness Forever's traditions of personal service could ride out any waves made by Sentinel', the element of over-confidence led to the least preparation on the behalf of the Fitness Forever organization which brought unexp ected and catastrophic revealing for the institution. It was observed, and complained that the staff of the organization were neither helpful nor polite towards their customers, and were strange and least informed about the products and services launched and offered by the institution for the purpose of value addition. It was further observed that Sentinel was fully prepared and planned to 'flex its considerable muscle in Waterston'. In this regard, the institution announced its plan to inaugurate more than two branches in the Fitness Forever area, at parallel; the institution took 'very aggressive moves in pricing its checking and savings accounts'. The Fitness Forever was not prepared to tackle the result oriented techniques and methodologies of the Sentinel, and popular and prominent aspect of the Sentinel's sales culture was ignored and avoided. The ordeal placed the Fitness Forever in challenging position, and level of anxiety among the management of the Fitness Forever institu te was visible gradually. The Fitness Forever was vulnerable towards two different threats i.e. Sentinel emergence in the region, and the leadership complacency issue, relevant to the management of the Fitness Forever. The employees of the Fitness Forever have expressed their ignorance towards the techniques commonly adopted in the practices, and have further expressed their inability to sale the products in the market. The employees have expressed their reluctant towards the learning of the sales practices, and belief that their profession doesn't require them to be 'pushy salesman', the concept of sales is void and misinterpreted. It has been learnt that the branch officers have complained about the lack of coordination and cooperation from the operations group. The lack of friendliness and teamwork has demoralized the employees, and operation group has been criticized for its 'rigid adherence to obscure procedures, and lack of sensitivity towards the needs and requirements of the branch officers and local employees' (David, 2006). The branch managers revealed that the sales efforts have been hampered by the requirement of the documentation in an excessive manner. The behavior and the conduct of the employees have been criticized by the customers, 'tellers are fine but the higher you go, the worse the service'. The customers

Arabic Women in Leadership Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Arabic Women in Leadership - Term Paper Example In order to find the position of Arab women as leaders within various organizations, this paper will first discuss the social and traditional mindset towards Arab women where they are viewed as primarily suitable for domestic work; then it will discuss gender discrimination in workplaces in Middle East, and explore to seek whether men have innately better leadership qualities then women. While studying these issues the paper will also discuss the fine thread balance that working women must maintain between their professional and family life, the various obstacles that they face while entering the line of businesses, the indicators that are signaling a change for the rights of Arab women and the training programs or ways for leadership development focused on improving the workplace situation of Arab women.    Discussion Traditional gender bias in domestic labor in the Arab countries: Increased participation of women in workplace (primarily after WWI and WWII) had led to a kind of re volution that broke down the age old notion of division of labor where it was believed that in a family, men were breadwinners, while women took part in the domestic chores (unpaid), and were dependent on their male members for support of a financial kind (Blau, 1964). The bargaining and contract models, social exchange models had once predicted that increased participation of women in the workforce would bring them more freedom and justice both in office, and in home as regards fair division of unpaid domestic labor (England and Farkas, 1986). However this did not take place in reality and women were still facing bias, where they were still being viewed as being more suitable... This essay discusses that there have been some perceivable changes in the Middle East countries in the area of private businesses, with more women are forming their own enterprises, thus slowly changing the equation of a woman role in the national economy (ibid). Here OECD presents encouraging figures, where it shows that in Bahrain, in the 1960s, women workforce comprised of only around 5% of the total labor force of the country, compared to an average 30% women workforce in the US during the same time.Similarly, inâ€Å"United Arab Emirates, where female-owned businesses faired considerably better than those in the US in 2007, with 33% of the Emirate companies surveyed earning annual revenues of more than US$100,000, compared to only 13% of women-owned businesses in the US in the same year†¦.and from 1990 to 2003, women's share of economic activity in the MENA region increased by a fifth. In the Arab countries, there is no doubt that the patriarchal mindset is still widely pr evalent and women still considered more suitable for unpaid domestic work. Women are treated with general bias at workplaces, and especially so while selecting candidates for top managerial posts in a company when they are overlooked simply for their sex without any consideration for their capabilities or efficiencies. To make complete use of the economic potential, both men and women in the Arab countries must be given equal opportunities at the workplace, or else, the economy of these regions would always remain underused.

The squaters' world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The squaters' world - Essay Example The issue is not about who is right or wrong or whether squatting is good or not, but to understand the situation of squatting as a whole.   Throughout this analysis, we will see that squatting is an alternative movement which fights for its own rights and asserts a different lifestyle that is anti-capitalist. Millions of people squat in the world. It is the oldest way of living. According to the Oxford Dictionary, squatting means â€Å"unlawfully occupy an uninhabited building or area of land.†(Oxford Dictionary 2008). Squatters exist all around the world, from Bombay to New York the action is the same but the purposes differ. In Nairobi shantytown, peoples have no other choice but to do squatting to survive. They sometimes live with several families in the same built â€Å"house†. In a certain way, the squatters are the capitalism’s indirect victims. In western countries, squats represent a warm place to spend the night but also an alternative way of living. It is a strong philosophy which stands up against capitalism. The conditions of living can be poor or good, depending on the country and the geographical situation. Inhabitants can find a free place where many activities occur and where many different people live.   According to Luca Pattaroni from the Laboratory of Urban Sociology of the Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, â€Å"research shows that most squatters are people of low income, from a wide range of social background† (Swissinfo 2008). Indeed squatters are not only homeless. They can be young rebels,  artists, or travelers. In many cases, we find students and citizens who cannot afford the extremely high Geneva rental accommodations. There are also many refugees and immigrants from Africa, Latin America and from Central Europe.   Squats are socially centered, where people from uncommon horizon cohabit. Junkie, militant or tramp with any limited age are welcomed to

Nietzsche's program for a new europe Assignment

Nietzsche's program for a new europe - Assignment Example Nietzsche advocated the idea of â€Å"New Europe†, a utopian concept that described Europe as a continent without national boundaries which is united not on the basis of a common economic benefit and financial guiding principle but by the aspiration to cultivate the Dionysian, his basic principles based on the Greek philosophies and concepts of totality (Deleuze, 12). His idea of a new Europe was inspired by the Jewish populace in Europe. For him, the Jewish represented his description of the spiritually and mentally exceptional creatures. Nietzsche believed that such spiritual could perform creatively in a set up devoid of national institutions. . For this reason Nietzsche bestowed the Jewish with such a crucial role in the formation of an extraterritorial and a supranational (Golomb and Wistrich, 12) continent of the future where their bountiful power will surge into the great spiritual persons and their works, which would ultimately act as an everlasting consecration for Eu rope. He believed that the Jewish would turn out to be the creator and originator of values and also the catalysts in the transfiguration of values. He believed that the feeling of extreme nationalism often comes in the way of creative and spiritual emancipation. Nietzsche’s idea of a New Europe is inspired and developed on the basis of several factors which include his philosophies, the cultural, political and social influences and also the spiritual aspects that have been mentioned above. Nietzsche was fascinated by the history of the Jewish people and it was a great source of mystery for him. He was enthralled by the pattern of the Jews in the Diaspora and their aptitude as well as their capability to create a successful spiritual and cultural empire in Europe not on the basis of any nation or territory. Despite their apparent political and physical limitation, he referred to the Jews as the

Personal Exercise Plan - Rounders Essay Example for Free

Personal Exercise Plan Rounders Essay Rounders is played by boys and girls, men and women in every county, at different levels, from friendly games to International matches. It is a striking and fielding team game, which involves hitting a small hard leather cased ball with a round wooden or metal bat and then running around 4 bases or posts in order to score a rounder. Bowlers can bowl at over 60mph and batters can hit the ball at more than that. Rounders is supported by many Local Authority Leisure Services Departments and has media support to various degrees from local newspapers and radio stations and has featured on TV in local news items. Rounders is accepted by Sport England who give annual grant aid to the NRA for certain aspects of their work and the Foundation for Sport and the Arts has funded the setting up of the Awards Scheme. The rules are revised where necessary every 3 years, the last review was in 2002. The last major change was in 1999 when it was decided to award 1/2 rounder for reaching second base after hitting the ball The game of rounders has been played in England since Tudor Times, with the earliest reference being in 1744 in A Little Pretty Pocketbook where it is called baseball. This explains why the two games are similar, and in fact many students of baseball accept that their sport is derived from Rounders. This is the name used by Jane Austen in Northanger Abbey. The Boys Own Book of 1828 devoted a chapter to Rounders and in 1889 the Liverpool and Scottish Rounders Association was formed. The first official rules did away with the practice of putting a running batter out by hitting them with a thrown ball. Aims Of My Personal Excersise Programme Fitness Component 1 : Muscular Endurance Definition Muscular endurance is the ability of the muscle to continue to perform without fatigue. To improve your muscle endurance, try cardiorespiratory activities such as walking, jogging, bicycling, or dancing. Link to rounders Muscles need to be able to perform for a long period of time during rounders. As well as running round the posts, a player will also have to run to the ball in fielding, and use arm muscles, in throwing, bowling, and batting the ball. Fitness Component 2 : Cardiovascular Endurance Definition Improving the ability of your heart and lungs to supply adequate oxygen to working muscles during prolonged activity. Link to rounders For a player to be able to keep going for the whole game, they will need good cardiovascular endurance, so their body can keep going, and oxygen will be supplied to the lungs and muscles. I am going to improve Cardiovascular and Muscular endurance by different types of circuit training. I will also use interval training. I will see how much longer I can go on for at the end compared to the beginning of the programme. I will test my Cardiovascular and Muscular endurance at the beginning and end of the programme and measure the difference. To measure intensity, I will record my heart rate at 5-minute intervals to ensure I am working in my aerobic training zone. Each session I will record how long it takes my heart rate to return to its resting state. This will indicate improvement in fitness.

Evolving Toward Ecstasy Essay Example for Free

Evolving Toward Ecstasy Essay This art review by Robert Smith is on a Matisse Exhibition that was at the Metropolitan Museum of Art last November, â€Å"Matisse: In Search of True Painting. † The name of this article comes from a quote from Matisse himself, where he claims to work â€Å"towards what I feel; toward a kind of ecstasy. † From the beginning of the article, Smith raves about this exhibit. He calls it â€Å"one of the most thrillingly instructive exhibitions about this painter, or painting in general, that you may ever see. † His excitement for it is unmistakable, but this may be a biased opinion, as he seems to be a huge fan of Matisse himself. He seems genuinely impressed with Rebecca Rabinow, a curator of modern and contemporary art, and how she put the exhibit together, but his love for the artist most likely influenced his view. He praises the decision to show Matisse’s penchant for copying pieces and working in series. Two still life arrangements with fruit and compote are included along with four views of Notre Dame as seen from Matisse’s window and many other series and copies. He describes the exhibit as spacious as it is spread out through eight different galleries. In each pair or group of works, a mini seminar is created according to Smith. He goes into detail about how you could spend your entire visit in the second and third galleries with their sailors, nudes with white scarves and â€Å"contrasting psychological chords and spatial treatments of the Laurettes. † He comments on the textbook simplicity of how the exhibit is set up, letting your eyes wander through the different styles, textures, colors and overall effect of Matisse’s works. There is no doubt that Smith has a very positive view of this Exhibition. He applauds the 49 exceptional works chosen, for how they skim across Matisse’s long and productive career. In this review, he discusses a large amount of Matisse’s works, which sways from the point of the article, which was to critique the exhibition. His support for it is blatant, but he may have gone off on too much of a tangent on his love for Matisse and his works of art. This review could be beneficial to readers, but it could also be misleading if you aren’t already a fan of Matisse’s art. He aggrandizes the exhibit as a whole, so its not really clear if the quality is really there, or if he’s just smitten with the artist displayed.

Interactive Behaviour at Work

Interactive Behaviour at Work Cheniere Energy was founded in 1983 and is a world leading liquefied natural gas (LNG) company. Through its subsidiaries the company engages in the development, construction, ownership, and operation of onshore LNG receiving terminals and natural gas pipelines in the Gulf Coast of the United States. It also engages in oil and natural gas exploration and development activities. Cheniere Energy is based in Houston, Texas with offices in Johnson Bayou, Louisiana, and London called Cheniere International UK Branch. The London office consists of six people who are responsible for sourcing and trading LNG cargoes for Cheniere as well as managing the day to day operations and activities of the office. Purpose of the report The purpose of this report is to examine work issues at Cheniere International UK Branch resulting from office harassment and specifically the conflict between an office assistant and the operations manager. It focuses on the interactive behaviour themes relating to communication, work relationships and leadership. Definition of Interactive Behaviour at work The term interactive behaviour at work refers to the reciprocal communication conduct of two or more persons. It covers both their overt behaviour and the factors and processes underlying it. It also extends to the use of communication for purposes such as self-presentation, co-operation, influencing others, working in groups and leadership. (Guirdham, 2002) Definition of the themes Communication According to Guirdham (2002) communication is a process of transferring information from one entity to another. Interpersonal communication at work may be face-to-face or indirect, formal or informal, and transmitted verbally or non-verbally. Communication is affected by language, communicator style, the differences between one- and two-way communication, power and status, culture, gender and disability. These effects on communication give rise to barriers, which can be analyzed as intrinsic, individual level and inter-group. To be high in quality, communication must overcome these barriers. Work relationship Interdependence and social orientations, roles, norms and conformity as well as co-operative, competitive and conflict behaviour are all concepts that help us to understand and be more effective in work relationships. Other important aspects related to the issues discussed cover conflict resolution, cultural differences, coping with prejudice, discrimination and harassment. (Guirdham, 2002) Harassment is defined as: conduct which is unreasonable, unwelcome and offensive, and which creates an intimidating, hostile or humiliating working environment. (Mullins, 2005) Harassment is a potential cause of stress. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) defines stress as: The adverse reaction people have to excess pressure. It is not disease. But if stress is intense and goes on for some time, it can lead to a mental and physical ill health. Leadership Leadership can be defined as the ability of an individual to influence, motivate and enable others to contribute towards the effectiveness and success of the organisation of which they are members (Guirdham, 2002) There is a close relationship between leadership and management, especially in work organisation, and an increasing tendency to see them as synonymous. However, arguably there are differences between the two and it does not follow that every leader is a manager. Leadership might be viewed in more general terms, with emphasis on interpersonal behaviour in a broader context. According to Mullins (2005) due to its complex nature there are many alternative ways of analysing leadership. Leadership may be examined in terms of qualities or traits approach, in terms of the functional or group approach, as a behavioural category, in terms of styles of leadership, through the situational approach and contingency models, and in terms of distinction between transactional and transforma tional leadership. Problem identification The issue discussed in this report involves the deteriorating relationship between a manager and an assistant (myself) in a small office environment. In addition the report looks at the behaviour of a director of the company involved to whom the employees were directly responsible to. Matters discussed include the identification of key points of conflict between the two persons involved, the style of management, the reaction of fellow employees, the interaction with the director involved and steps taken to resolve the issue. Background and causes of problems I joined the Cheniere International UK Branch in 2008 as an office assistant. Working at their London office in Mayfair where there were three other employees at my level, two were English and one was an American. I was the only one having English as a second language. The operations manager was a mature English lady with a very strong personality and an accretive attitude. I noticed that I was being asked to do considerably more work than the other assistants and that the manager was querying my efforts every day. At first I thought this was because I was new to the job and that it was a way of measuring my capabilities and ability to cope with the stresses of the work. It became clear however that this was much more of a particular attitude toward me as compared to the other employees. Maybe write something about working in a multi-cultural environment or possibly highlight that there was predominance of white Anglo-Saxon employees and as such no exposure to different cultures or ethnic diversity. Inter-cultural problems arise when members of an in-group perceive members of an out-group as inferior. This can promote in-group favouritism, increased tendency to stereotype members of out-groups and negative attitudes to actual or perceived cultural differences. It can result in exclusion of members of out-groups, negative evaluations and harassment. In a small office environment it would be unusual for someone in a position of authority to feel threatened by a single junior employee. It is difficult to give any clear instances of harassment, as such, as this was a subtle but constant undermining of my position on a daily basis. This was apparent in her constant criticism of my work and references to my Polish background and English not being my native language. I made a point of asking the other assistants to check my work and they always said it was fine and that was just her way and not to worry. One occurrence that began to give me an insight to her behaviour was when she asked me, in front of all the other assistants, why I did not work as a nanny or cleaner as all other Polish girls did. This indicated to me that there was the possibility that her actions were not actually based upon my performance but upon a much deeper prejudice and possible stereotyping of Polish people (either collectively or by gender). In a strange way this was a relief as until then my confidence had been undermined and I felt under stress at work. It seemed nothing I ever did was right, I was often depressed, both at work and at home and it was difficult to understand why she picked on me and what was causing the problem. It also made it difficult for me to try to see how I could resolve the problem. Being aware of the personality clash between us I was trying to understand what caused her hostile behaviour and I blamed myself that it was I who caused the conflict, but on the other hand I knew I normally never have any major problems engaging with people, being an easygoing and friendly person. The Thoms-Kilmann Conflict Mode Questionnaire can be useful in explaining my stance in the conflict. Scoring 9 in avoiding and 9 in accommodating styles shows that I am not an assertive person, do not wish to hurt peoples feelings, obey orders and I am generally a selfless type of person. (See Appendix x for a copy of the Thoms-Kilmann Conflict Mode Questionnaire you took.) It was very difficult to please and satisfy her probably because she developed irrational beliefs and prejudiced views about me. If being from Poland meant to her that I should be a nanny or cleaner she maybe believed that people of other races or backgrounds are in some way inferior and therefore deserve to be treated as second class. According to Tehrani (1996) the lack of self awareness in harassers increases their fears and prejudice. Harassers never feel strong enough to test their views objectively, preferring to live in an irrational world, where they need to continually support their prejudiced views with biased evidence. To explain even deeper her behavior I would say she portrayed the actions of a stigmatizer. Freidson (1983) stated that in Erving Goffmans theory of social stigma a stigma is an attribute, behaviour, or reputation which is socially discrediting in a particular way: it causes an individual to be mentally classified by others in an undesirable, rejected stereotype rather than in an accepted, normal one. In this managers eyes I was different; she may not want to accept me because of my nationality, my different accent, my origin. Goffman divides the individuals relation to a stigma into three categories: the stigmatized are those who bear the stigma; the normals are those who do not bear the stigma; and the wise are those among the normals who are accepted by the stigmatized as wise to their condition. I then represent a stigmatized person, the manager is normal and rest of our team can be seen as wise. Strategic Implications of the problem My case can be seen as a micro problem because it describes a situation in a small office and only a few people are involved in the conflict. I am the only person who was harmed and it could be argued that it is difficult to show macro implications from this issue. However, I would like to stress that harassment at the workplace occurs very often and causes a lot of problems. According to the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS) harassment in the workplace costs employers in the UK more than  £2bn per year in sick pay, staff turnover and lower productivity. 19 million working days are lost each year as a direct result of workplace harassment. 1 in 4 people report that they have experienced harassment in the last 5 years. 70% of HR professionals have witnessed or have been aware of harassment in their organisation. Organisations that fail to address the problem of unacceptable behaviour at workplace pay a heavy cost in terms of loss of staff, reduced innovation, mor ale and sickness absence. This is in addition to the cost of litigation and bad public relations (Tehrani, 1996). My issue did not affect the organisation in a significant way, except high staff retention within 1 year two office assistants left the company because of Janes difficult character. As mentioned before 25% of the population suffer from harassment. By describing my personal experience I raise an issue that affects a lot of people and something that organizations have to deal with. Harassment is related with work relationship one of the main themes which are described in this paper. According to Tehrani (1996) harassment has a number of common elements; it involves a hurtful behaviour, this behaviour is repeated over a period of time and the person being harassed finds it difficult to defend themselves. People being harassed will also have difficulty in being rational in their thinking, believing the acts or views of a harasser are the views of everyone else. When I was working for Cheniere I was felling sad, negative and worthless. In addition my feelings were heightened with outbursts of anger, crying, loneliness and hurt. Lack of pleasure in almost everything that I was doing was significant and difficult to cope with. Being humiliated resulted in the lack of self confidence to assert myself and challenge the unacceptable behaviour of operations manager. It needs to be added that harassment is linked with stress. Guirdham (2002) stated: Some of the major effects of stress include sleep trouble, tiredness, being unable to cope well in conflict situations, wanting to be left alone, smoking, drinking and eating too much, being unable to influence or persuade people and finding it difficult to get up in the mornings. I recall that I was often very tired, could not sleep, and did not want to see my friends or family. Some people were asking me why I let her be abusive and rude towards me. The answer is because she had power over me. As I mentioned I held the lowest position in the office and I was supposed to listen to everyone and doing whatever they needed at work. Among French and Ravens (1959) power sources there is one which can be implemented in this situation coercive power. (Podsakoff and Schriesheim, 1985) Threats and punishment are common tools of coercion. I was often given undesirable tasks by Jane. There is one in particular where she spilled tea on her desk and asked me to clean it. My example demonstrates that this source of power can often lead to problems and in many circumstances it involves abuse. Coercive power can cause unhealthy behaviour and dissatisfaction in the workplace. (mindtools.com) From my above evaluation it can be stated that the operations manager was definitely my significant other at that time. She had very strong influence on my self-esteem and my behaviour. Many organisations and their managers and executives are guilty of ignoring, tolerating or sustaining conflicts and harassment (Guirdham, 2002). This statement confirms the behaviour of my director who was trying to explain me that I should accept the fact that Jane is generally a difficult person and therefore should not take it personally what she says and how she behaves. Lack of leadership qualities can be seen in my bosss attitude. A large portion of the existing literature on leadership focuses only on the positive traits of leaders. However, the so-called dark side of leadership, or negative personal traits of leaders, has received relatively less attention. Also, in practice, leadership is mostly evaluated in terms of the positive traits and strengths of leaders, even though certain organizational factors and followers characteristics significantly contribute to the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of leaders (Toor and Ogunlana, 2009). The director was not an effective leader . A leader  who lacks character or integrity will not be seen as a competent one. Even though he was intelligent, affable, persuasive, or savvy, he was also prone to rationalizing unethical behaviour. Office harassment is a very unethical issue and should be resolved by a companys leader, but it was not in my case. Moreover leaders not attuned to the needs of the employees are not effective either. Successful leaders focus on workers satisfaction and loyalty. They should find ways to consistently engage them and incorporate them into companys policies and make sure they know and obey their code of conduct. If they ignore, mistreat, or otherwise do not value their employees, they will not be valued for competences. Furthermore good leaders should communicate effectively across mediums, constituencies, environments of course employees. My boss was aware that Janes behavior was harmful but did not react and did not want to be involved in the conflict. This observation can lead to a s tatement that the director represented a laissez faire leadership style. According to Flynn (2009) this type of a leader describes passive leaders who are reluctant to influence subordinates or give direction. They generally refrain from participating in group or individual decision making and to a large extent, abdicate their leadership role. Subordinates are given considerable freedom of action and, therefore, seem likely to maximize their power and influence. Although laissez- faire leadership can be very successful in some environments where followers are responsible for self-monitoring, problem solving in my case it was not what I needed. I was looking for a mediator in my conflict with Jane, someone who can direct and take steps to resolve the problem. From Blake Mouton Managerial Grid perspective, it could be argued that the director represented Impoverished Leadership which is known for creating a work environment that is not satisfying and not motivating. The result is a pl ace of disorganization, dissatisfaction and disharmony. (Rollinson, 2005) My boss had low concern for employee satisfaction because knowing I was depressed and was in a conflict he was not concerned about it. A major danger of stereotyping is that it can block out accurate perception of an individual and lead to potential situation of prejudice or discrimination. This in consequence can build communication barriers. Janes tendency to ascribe negative characteristics to me on the basis of a general categorisation was a simplified process of her perception. Her stereotyping process based on my nationality and education had a significant implication to the atmosphere in our office and my wellbeing. Her prejudice caused communication problem between us. According to Erven (2008) stereotyping is a barrier to communication when it causes people to act as if they already know the message that is coming from the sender or worse, as if no message is necessary because everybody already knows. People stereotype genders, races, religions, and cultures. They combine them to say things but often incorrectly creating assumptions. Stereotypes develop from reality. Poles steal British jobs became a stereotype because a lot of Poles are poor and had to learn how to survive and came here to look for a job but they do not deserve to be stereotyped. It might be true that most of Polish women work as nannies or cleaners but, it does not identify me, my needs, and my weaknesses. So if Jane used the stereotypical view of Polish women towards me, she missed who I actually am, as an individual. I wanted to communicate, talk to her and did not want to be lost in the stereotypical concept. People are complex and need to be understood as individuals, not stereotypes. Uniqueness is what gets lost in the stereotypes and lack of proper communication. People should listen, understand, consider the whole person, and that requires rejecting the preconceived assumptions, based on the stereotypes t hat are created and used. Communication is at the heart of many interpersonal problems faced by employers. Understanding the communication process and then working at improvement provide a recipe for becoming more effective communicators. Knowing the common barriers to communication is the first step to minimizing their impact. Stereotyping is a barrier to proper communication, it cannot just disrupt communication, it can destroy it. The significance of non-verbal communication and body language need to be evaluated in this report as in my case it was more important than verbal communication. According to Mullins (2005) non-verbal communication includes inferences drawn from posture, gesture, touch, invasion of personal space, extent of eye contact, tone of voice or facial expression. Very often the operations manger was using proper language and if was not obvious for others to see the conflict between us and her antipathy. Her tone of voice and facial expression were sending messages that I was not accepted and were unwelcomed. Mullins (2005) adds also that in our face-to face communication with other people the messages about our feelings and attitudes come only 7 per cent from the words we use, 38 per cent from our voice and 55 per cent from body language, including facial expression. Significantly, when body language such as gestures and tone of voice conflicts with the words, greater emphasis is likely to be placed on the non-verbal message. He also suggests that when verbal and non-verbal messages are in conflict (like in my case regarding communication with the operations manager) accepted wisdom is that the non-verbal signals should be the ones to rely on, and that what is not said is frequently louder than what is said, revealing attitudes and feelings in a way words cannot express. Alternative options for resolving problem Leave the job or stay. People have bad days at work. But if that bad day is every day, it might be time to consider leaving the job. Some causes of job dissatisfaction are impossible to alter, and in this case employees may well be better off making an exit. Leaving the job is usually a very difficult decision and can often cause mixed emotions: joy because of moving on to something better, sadness at losing people we enjoyed work with, relief we dont have to cope with the problem and conflicts anymore. Uncertainty about the future and new job has usually a big impact on peoples decisions. I was also concerned about my future. Staying with Cheniere was an alternative, but I was concerned how I can change the atmosphere and Janes behaviour. Talking to her or to my boss were the options to make my work conditions better. Alternatively I could stay with the company and try to accept the environment and ambiance, and try to reduce sensitivity to hostility or displays of prejudice. Mullins (2005) evaluated difficult people: Perhaps our reluctance to identify, and then directly address, conflict within organisations is based upon the widely held belief that conflict is inevitable, negative and unmanageable. There is a tendency to see conflict as a result one persons personality. Conflict may be inevitable, but how dramatically situations could be changed if we could also view it as positive and manageable. What if we think of these situations as raising questions of difference? What if we were to make a shift away from blaming individuals and their personalities, recognizing instead that it is through normal hum an interaction that outward expressions of difference are produced? Unfortunately coping with difficult people is not one of my strong points. Another option was to beat her at her own game. Act like her, be unsympathetic, telling colleagues how unfair she is. This option would be very difficult because she held higher position and therefore had power and because I respect people it wound be something against my values and beliefs. Choice of option I was trying to resolve the problem. I talked to the director but was ignored and was told that I should accept the situation as it is and accept Janes behaviour because she is difficult and she is not going to change her attitude. Another advice was that I should be less emotional and try to be mentally stronger. He did not wish to speak to Jane to ask to change her attitude and help her to cope with her hostile behaviour. Tehrani (1996) argue that the role of leader in developing the skills which enable people to communicate in an open and assertive manner is perhaps one of the most effective tools in addressing conflicts. The support of an assertive and caring manager is an important aspect of rehabilitating a harasser. Harassers need support when they are developing the new skills and behaviors in communication which will replace the harassing behaviours. I also talked to Jane but I was told that I read her intentions badly. She was trying to tell me that there was no issue betwe en us and I should not waste her time for such conversations. Rationale for choice Because I had an interesting job, was satisfied with my compensation I did not want to leave thus I was trying to find a resolution. I was not accepted by one of the co-workers but I did not want to be a victim of harassment. I was trying to be a survivor. According to Tehrani (1996) victims of harassment frequently express the view that there is little they can do to prevent the harassment taking place. They have no choice but to put up with what is being done to them. This perception of lack of personal control or power must be changed if the harassee is ever to make sense of what has happened to them. Survivors, on the other hand, are able to begin to make choices and decisions about what they want to do to stop or resolve the harassment. Survivors of harassment take an active part in deciding how they would like things to be handled when resolving their problems. They are keen to take responsibility for making things happen, rather than behaving passively, allowing others, howeve r well meaning, to take over control. One of the main skills survivors of harassment learn is to be assertive in expressing what they want and do not want to happen during the harassment investigation; to be able to say yes or no regardless of the wishes of others. Assertiveness is also one of the most important skills needed to prevent harassees becoming victims of harassment in the future. Finally the survivors of harassment are able to look forward to the future, a future without harassment, while the victims concentrate on the harassment itself, rather than on how they can change things to prevent the harassment occurring again. Although I was trying to help myself, was looking for help from the directors and also arranged a meeting with Jane, nothing changed. Implementation of Option I eventually decided to leave. It took me 2 weeks to find another job. The difference in the working environment was immense. New co-workers were pleasant and friendly. I am glad that I took control over the situation and left the company. I will never fully forget this experience but sometimes we should experience and accept the extremes, because if the contrast is lost, we lose appreciation. Time for Implementation I was working for this company for 5 months before handing in my resignation. Conclusion In recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the harm that could be done to individuals who become the victims of harassment or bullying. Although there have been significant moves to introduce legislation and guidelines that deal with the introduction of organizational policy and procedures on harassment and bullying, the occurrence of harassment is still common in many British organizations. My case in this paper can be perceived as a representation of this problem for many organizations. This is not an easy issue to deal with for mangers, people who cause harassment and most of all for people who suffer from hostile behavior. Background and causes of such conflicts are often implicit and not easy to resolve. Understanding the communication process and communication barriers is important to effectively control the problem. Leadership skills and appropriate use of power can be crucial.

The Koppen Climate Classification and its Purpose :: Climatology

What is climatology? How does it differ from weather? Describe the Koppen Climate Classification and its purpose.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Climatology is one of the several branches of physical geography, but it differs from weather in several ways. The term climate implies an average, or long term record of weather conditions at a certain region. It conveys a generalization of all the recorded weather observations in a given area. Weather conditions are recorded in specifics for any given moment in time: the temperature, percentage of rainfall, and percentage of humidity. Climate on the other hand, is described in more general terms. Humid Equatorial climates, Dry climates, and Cold Polar climates are marked by certain prevailing characteristics that can be mapped such as continuous snow or deserts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the most popular classification systems is the Koppen Climate Classification system, which gives different climates three letters that describe that climate. The Koppen Climate Classification system is comparatively simple and is based on a triad of letter symbols. The first (capital) letter is the critical one; the A climates are humid and tropical; the B climates are very dry; the C climates are humid and mild; the D climates reflect increasing cold; and the E climates mark the polar areas. The first letter is followed by two more letters that further define the climate of that region. The second letter represents and explains the dry season: whether there is or isn't a dry season, whether it is a short or long dry season, and what season it comes in either a dry winter or a dry summer. The third letter defines the temperature of different seasons either a hot or cool summer or a cold or warm winter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The purpose of the Koppen Climate Classification system is to assist in

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Essay -- American Government,

amilies Undisputedly poverty has been one of the major persistent social problems in the United States for hundreds of years. Poverty does not discriminate against Caucasians, African-Americans, Hispanics, Jews, homosexuals, heterosexuals, age, gender, or persons with disabilities. Poverty can strike any population, community, ethnic group, and family. According to the U.S Census Bureau, 43.6 million people were in poverty in 2009 which was an increase from 2008. (Insert citation for website). There are multiple causes of why a family or individual can fall into poverty, which includes but not limited to, disability, unemployment, age, and recessions, as for which we have seen through the 2008 recession and the Great Depression. Throughout this paper I will address poverty as a social problem and its causes. I will also focus on how children and family households headed by single mothers are effected by poverty, and how Temporary Assistance for Needy Families came about to help children and families in poverty. Before we can explain the causes of poverty, one must first define what poverty is. If you were to ask someone for their definition of poverty, you would get several different definitions. There has been much conflict in the United States over defining poverty, but according to Diana DiNitto (2007), poverty can be defined in six different ways. Poverty as deprivation, inequality, lack of human capital, culture, exploitation, and structure are the six different ways. When a family or individual does not have the adequate amount of income to meet all of their basic needs, they are described as being deprived. Poverty as deprivation explains that a family or individual is deprived when they are living below the standard of... ...account not all recipients are able to accept these types of jobs especially those with young children. I think that if a recipient has found a job but is unable to accept the job because of late hours and they have reached their two year mark, then they should be a grace period on their five year time limitation until they are unable to find a better job. The recipient may only be granted the grace period if they show documented proof that they have found a job but is unable to accept because of the circumstance of not having childcare during the work hours given. The government has created many programs under the Social Security Act to help prevent poverty. Even though programs similar to Temporary Assistance for Needy Families have done their part in trying to prevent poverty, revision must continue to be made it order to reduce the United States poverty rate.

King Henry VIII: Informative essay :: essays research papers

Henry VIII, born in 1491, was the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. The significance of Henry's reign is, at times, overshadowed by his six marriages: dispensing with these forthwith enables a deeper search into the major themes of the reign. He married Catherine of Aragon (widow of his brother, Arthur) in 1509, divorcing her in 1533, the union produced one daughter, Mary. Henry married the pregnant Anne Boleyn in 1533, she gave him another daughter, Elizabeth, but was executed for infidelity (a treasonous charge in the king's consort) in May 1536. He married Jane Seymour by the end of the same month, who died giving birth to Henry's lone male heir, Edward, in October 1536. Early in 1540, Henry arranged a marriage with Anne of Cleves, after viewing Hans Holbein's beautiful portrait of the German princess. In person, alas, Henry found her homely and the marriage was never consummated. In July 1540, he married the adulterous Catherine Howard - she was executed for infideli ty in March 1542. Catherine Parr became his wife in 1543, providing for the needs of both Henry and his children until his death in 1547. The court life initiated by his father evolved into a cornerstone of Tudor government in the reign of Henry VIII. After his father's staunch, stolid rule, the energetic, youthful and handsome king avoided governing in person, much preferring to journey the countryside hunting and reviewing his subjects. Matters of state were left in the hands of others, most notably Thomas Wolsey, Archbishop of York. Cardinal Wolsey virtually ruled England until his failure to secure the papal annulment that Henry needed to marry Anne Boleyn in 1533. Wolsey was quite capable as Lord Chancellor, but his own interests were served more than that of the king: as powerful as he was, he still was subject to Henry's favor - losing Henry's confidence proved to be his downfall. The early part of Henry's reign, however, saw the young king invade France, defeat Scottish forces at the Battle of Foldden Field (in which James IV of Scotland was slain), and write a treatise denouncing Martin Luther's Reformist idea ls, for which the pope awarded Henry the title "Defender of the Faith". The 1530's witnessed Henry's growing involvement in government, and a series of events which greatly altered England, as well as the whole of Western Christendom: the separation of the Church of England from Roman Catholicism.

Myths And Reality Of Crime Essay

In this paper, I will be providing a prediction of how strangers will describe a criminal and whether those descriptions would be likely to focus on street criminals, corporate, white-collar, or state crime. An insight of how society defines crimes and how decides what to define as a crime will also be provided. A statement about a particular crime will be presented and used in order to illustrate how we as a society know that it is an accurate statement. At last, an example of a widely held myth or misconception about crime and society will be provided explaining how society determines that it is a myth and why is so difficult to abandon that myth. It is clear that as a society we have the misconception that a criminal is a person that comes from a very poor area, lack of resources, and does not have an education. As a society we tend to focus on street criminals rather than other types of crimes that we barely hear about because they are not presented or shown on the news as much as street crimes are. I am sure that if I would have to ask or interview one hundred strangers to describe a criminal, many of them would say that a criminal is a person that breaks or does not want to follow the law. A person that steals because that is the only way they can provide for their families, a person that has mental issues that affect his/her stability to be able to have a normal life without breaking the law, can be also described as a criminal. I would say society has described crime as one of the most serious problem that our community faces due to the different behaviors people have adapted that violate values and norms. As society would say crime is a system that is put in place in order to protect the human rights of others; crime is an act of breaking and violating the law, or a behavior that offends or harm a  community or the ones around it. As the Former President Richard Nixon said in several occasions â€Å"crime is our number-one enemy and we must declare war against it† (Zastrow, 2010) but it can never be that way because we never know when we are going to be involved in some type of crime just like president Nixon was, when he faced criminal charges in connection with the Watergate affair. There are many different types of crimes that had helped society create and understand the definition of it but I think, society tends to â€Å"think that crime is a well-defined phenomenon and to have stereotyped v iews about who criminals are† (Zastrow, 2010). Most of the times, we believe that criminals are only those who are not able to have a decent job, those who does not have an education, those with lack of resources that in order to provide for their families the only way to do it is by committing a crime, and many times we tend to stereotype that generally only people of a certain race and color are the ones that commit crimes, when actually, â€Å"criminal offenses and the characteristics of lawbreakers are almost as varied as noncriminal offenses and law abiders† (Zastrow, 2010). As an example of a particular crime we have â€Å"theft† which refers to â€Å"illegally taking someone’s property without the person’s consent† (Zastrow, 2010). As a society we know this is an accurate statement because as many of us were growing up, our parents always taught us to not to take or touch things that do not belong to us otherwise we would go to jail or we will have consequences since we were committing a crime because we were violating someone else’s property and space. But as we all know this type of offense is not only about taking some else’s property, these types of offenses â€Å"range from pickpocketing and burglary to sophisticated multimillion-dollar swindles (Zastrow, 2010). Misconceptions about crime make society believe certain things that are not true most of the times. And knowing that is not true, we tend to hold this myth and misconception because that is what we heard as were growing up and learning about different types of crimes. As an example of a misconception or myth that we usually believe is true is that, â€Å"Most sexual assaults are committed by strangers† (CSOM, 2012), why do we believe this? Because we would never relate or think that our families or friends would commit a crime such as sexual assault to one of our loved ones. But the truth is that  Ã¢â‚¬Å"most sexual assaults are committed by someone known to the victim or the victim’s family, regardless of whether the victim is a child or an adult† (CSOM, 2012). According to the Center for Sex Offender Management, statistics indicate that the majority of women who have been raped know their assailant. The CSOM also states that relatives, friends, baby-sitters, persons in positions of authority over the child, or persons who supervise children are more likely than strangers to commit sexual assault. It is clear that myths like this one, makes us believe that only strangers have the power to hurt us and our families when the truth is that many times we have the enemy living under the same roof. It is sad but true, nowadays as parents and adults we have to very cautions and aware of the people around us because we never know when someone is going to harm our family and loved ones. I believe this is a myth that is very difficult to abandon because as I have stated before we do not believe that our family or friends, the people we trust are going to hurt us. We have always learned to be aware and be careful of strangers because they are dangerous person that only want to harm us and that is what teach our children too. I think we have to educate ourselves a little more in order to be able to abandon this myth and be able to teach our children the importance of speaking up when someone is trying to touch or hurt them even when is someone we know. In conclusion, as we know crime is one of the most serious problems that we face as a nation and the misconception we have as a society makes us believe that only certain type of people are the ones that commit crimes. When reality is that there are different types of crimes such as organized crimes, gambling, drug trafficking, loan sharking, white-collar crime, computer crime, hare crime, and many more. The misconceptions we have about crime create myths which makes it hard for other to believe that there are many other types of crimes and that anyone is capable of committing a crime or violate laws. References: Center for Sex Offender Management. (CSOM). (2012). Myths and Facts About Sex Offenders. Retrieved from: http://www.csom.org/pubs/mythsfacts.html Collica, K., & Furst, G. (2012). Crime and Society. San Diego, CA: Bridgeport Education, Inc. Short Cuts TV (Producer). (2010). Crimes of the Powerful [Video]. In Crime and Deviance: A Sociological Inquiry. Retrieved from http://digital.films.com/OnDemandEmbed.aspx? Zastrow, Charles. (2010). Introduction to Social Work and Social Welfare. Empowering People. Tenth Edition.

Brent Staples’ Black Men and Public Spaces

Antoinette Johnson English ampere-second Prof. Horna October 3, 2012 In the essay The second press, by Arlie Hochschild, he explains how the wives of devil-job families with small children typically work an extra 24-hour day in a year, between the pages 145(bottom) and 148(top). I equalise with Hochschilds determination because once women perplex interior(a) from first shift, they go squ are into second shift. Whereas men come root from first shift, and get to pick and look at when to work second shift.Most men oddity why the level of affection is lacking(p) in the home. I believe that the gay in two-job families with small children are approbative about the things that should be accepte rough the house. I believe that they feel because theyre the dominant figure, that the women are supposed to do the majority of the work around the house. accordingly the men/husbands obtain to feel a type of bureau because the women become resentful,.I dont blame the men for their actions, I blame the mothers and their fathers father for not showing them the correct way to uphold their households. In my eyes women has ever so been the life support or mainstay of any family. So really the women are the dominant figure. It takes a strong single(a) to work an eight-hour shift, then come home to cook and clean for another eight-hours. To as well as cater to the children and husbands with all their trains. Women should demand more(prenominal)(prenominal) help from their husbands during the second shift.That extra 24 hours should be split between the two of them. If women stood up for themselves more often, men would start to appreciate them more while dormant in the human relationship instead of when their relationship is over. In conclusion, as time goes on, the younger generations will get it together, I believe. Husbands and wives need to come together and make arrangements to cleanse uphold the home. A more savvy husband plus a more no holds bar w ife equals a better home.